2009 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39636D-page 27
PIC18F2X1X/4X1X
2.4
RC Oscillator
For timing insensitive applications, the “RC” and
“RCIO” device options offer additional cost savings.
The actual oscillator frequency is a function of several
factors:
supply voltage
values of the external resistor (REXT) and
capacitor (CEXT)
operating temperature
Given the same device, operating voltage and tempera-
ture and component values, there will also be unit-to-unit
frequency variations. These are due to factors such as:
normal manufacturing variation
difference in lead frame capacitance between
package types (especially for low CEXT values)
variations within the tolerance of limits of REXT
and CEXT
In the RC Oscillator mode, the oscillator frequency
divided by 4 is available on the OSC2 pin. This signal
may be used for test purposes or to synchronize other
logic. Figure 2-5 shows how the R/C combination is
connected.
FIGURE 2-5:
RC OSCILLATOR MODE
The RCIO Oscillator mode (Figure 2-6) functions like
the RC mode, except that the OSC2 pin becomes an
additional general purpose I/O pin. The I/O pin
becomes bit 6 of PORTA (RA6).
FIGURE 2-6:
RCIO OSCILLATOR MODE
2.5
PLL Frequency Multiplier
A Phase Locked Loop (PLL) circuit is provided as an
option for users who wish to use a lower frequency
oscillator circuit or to clock the device up to its highest
rated frequency from a crystal oscillator. This may be
useful for customers who are concerned with EMI due
to high-frequency crystals or users who require higher
clock speeds from an internal oscillator.
2.5.1
HSPLL OSCILLATOR MODE
The HSPLL mode makes use of the HS mode oscillator
for frequencies up to 10 MHz. A PLL then multiplies the
oscillator output frequency by 4 to produce an internal
clock frequency up to 40 MHz. The PLLEN bit is not
available in this oscillator mode.
The PLL is only available to the crystal oscillator when
the FOSC3:FOSC0 Configuration bits are programmed
for HSPLL mode (= 0110).
FIGURE 2-7:
PLL BLOCK DIAGRAM
(HS MODE)
2.5.2
PLL AND INTOSC
The PLL is also available to the internal oscillator block
in selected oscillator modes. In this configuration, the
PLL is enabled in software and generates a clock
output of up to 32 MHz. The operation of INTOSC with
the PLL is described in Section 2.6.4 “PLL in INTOSC
OSC2/CLKO
CEXT
REXT
PIC18FXXXX
OSC1
FOSC/4
Internal
Clock
VDD
VSS
Recommended values: 3 k
Ω ≤ REXT ≤ 100 kΩ
CEXT > 20 pF
CEXT
REXT
PIC18FXXXX
OSC1
Internal
Clock
VDD
VSS
Recommended values: 3 k
Ω ≤ REXT ≤ 100 kΩ
CEXT > 20 pF
I/O (OSC2)
RA6
MU
X
VCO
Loop
Filter
Crystal
Osc
OSC2
OSC1
PLL Enable
FIN
FOUT
SYSCLK
Phase
Comparator
HS Oscillator Enable
÷4
(from Configuration Register 1H)
HS Mode
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